Surely you have heard that the car moves by inertia. This is due to the flywheel. This is a key part of your vehicle's engine, as it helps regulate its movement. Not only does it allow for greater control and smoothness within the transmission process, but it also prevents the generated power from being transferred abruptly. To understand its importance and operation, it is essential to know what this component consists of and what its main characteristics are.
If you are interested in finding out how the flywheel helps to optimize the performance of a car engine and avoid vibration or jerking problems, keep reading. We will explain everything you need to know about this essential part of internal combustion engines.
Generalities
The flywheel is one of the most important parts of the engine of a vehicle. Its main function is to regulate crankshaft movement and reduce vibrations. In addition, it stores kinetic energy and releases it progressively, ensuring that the transfer of energy generated by the engine is carried out smoothly and without sudden interruptions.
Inertia is a physical property that allows an object to remain in motion without the influence of external forces. In a car, after combustion in the cylinders, the flywheel helps to maintain movement without the engine suffering constant jolts.
A clear example of this inertia is observed when a vehicle moves downhill. Even if the driver stops accelerating, the car continues to roll thanks to the energy accumulated in the flywheel.
In addition to regulating motion, the flywheel also acts as a link between the crankshaft and the gearbox, ensuring synchronization in the transmission of energy.
Where are flywheels found and what are their types?
The flywheel is located between the crankshaft and the gearbox, playing a crucial role in store and progressively release energy generated by the engine. It is made up of a cogwheel which connects directly to the crankshaft and gearbox, allowing it to control the transmission of power to other parts of the system, such as the wheels.
There are two main types of flywheels in vehicles:
- Single-mass flywheel (SMF): This type consists of a single metal disc, which is most commonly found in older or sports cars. It is simpler and more durable, but is not as effective at absorbing vibrations as the dual-mass flywheel.
- Dual-mass flywheel (DMF): This modern model is made up of two independent discs connected by spring dampers. Designed to reduce vibrations and provide a smoother ride, it is a more common option in diesel and modern vehicles. Although it is more advanced, it tends to wear out faster than the single-mass.
How does a flywheel work?
The flywheel It works by accumulating energy generated by the engine when the engine pistons perform their combustion action. This energy is stored in the flywheel and released gradually, allowing the engine to run without interruption.
The flywheel performs a dual function in this process: on the one hand, by storing energy, it allows the vehicle's wheels to maintain continuous motion; on the other, it reduces crankshaft vibrations, making driving smoother. diesel engines, where vibrations are more pronounced, the dual-mass flywheel is especially useful in reducing these effects.
Dual-mass flywheels cushion impacts better thanks to the internal springs which allow for slight oscillation, which significantly reduces vibrations and prolongs engine life.
Homemade flywheel
The flywheel is a fundamental part of a vehicle, but it can also be built at home for educational or demonstration purposes. A simple option is to make it out of wood, using a log as an alternative to the steel of the professional flywheel.
Building a homemade flywheel requires drilling a hole in the center of the log to insert an axle. Although this flywheel is not suitable for vehicle engines, it is useful for educational projects that illustrate the concept of inertia and energy storage.
Importance of flywheel maintenance
El flywheel maintenance is crucial to ensure proper operation and avoid costly engine breakdowns. Since this part is subject to continuous vibrations and power cycles, it tends to wear out over time.
Some symptoms that the flywheel may be faulty include: unusual vibrations when driving, rattling noises in the engine or difficulties to change gears. If you notice any of these signs, it is essential to go to a mechanic's workshop for a check-up. Wear can mainly affect the ring gear or the dampers of a dual-mass flywheel, which requires specialized intervention to avoid further damage.
Proper maintenance, including regular checks, can extend the life of the flywheel and other engine parts, such as the clutch. Also, since the flywheel interacts directly with the starter motor, it is important to make sure there are no problems with the ring gear, as this can cause starting failures.
Comparison between flywheels: Single-mass vs Dual-mass
When choosing between a single mass flywheel and one dual mass, it is important to note their fundamental differences. The single-mass flywheel offers superior simplicity and durability, as it comes on a single disc and does not feature damping systems. This makes it ideal for older or racing cars, as it provides greater engine response at higher revs. However, it is not as effective at reducing vibrations.
In turn, the dual mass flywheel It is a more advanced and efficient version for modern vehicles. This type of flywheel includes two discs connected by a system of shock absorbers, which allows vibrations to be absorbed more effectively and improves driving comfort. Despite its advantages, the dual-mass flywheel is more expensive and more prone to wear.
Some drivers choose to install a single-mass flywheel instead of a dual-mass flywheel to save replacement costs, but this can result in a rougher ride and increased wear on the engine and transmission.
The decision between both types of steering wheels will depend on the type of vehicle and the driver's preferences, taking into account both performance and the desired level of driving comfort.
The flywheel is a key component in any combustion engine. Keeping it in good condition ensures optimal vehicle performance and a more comfortable ride. Considering the right type of flywheel for your vehicle, as well as performing regular maintenance, is crucial to avoid major problems in the long term.