La rock wool It is a material widely used in construction and industry due to its exceptional thermal and acoustic insulation properties and fire resistance. Thanks to its composition based on volcanic rocks, it offers highly efficient performance in improving comfort in buildings, in addition to contributing to energy efficiency. To learn more about how this material can be used, we recommend reviewing the Complete guide to rock wool as thermal and acoustic insulation in the home.
A detailed understanding of its technical characteristics, density, thickness, and composition is essential for choosing the best product for the specific needs of each project. Below, we'll explore these properties and their many applications in different sectors in depth.
What is rock wool and how is it made?
La rock wool, Also known as Mineral wool, is an insulating material made primarily from volcanic rocks such as basalt and dolomite. Its production process begins with the melting of these rocks at temperatures above 1600°CThe molten material is then centrifuged, transforming the molten rock into fine fibers, which are bonded with organic resins to create a wool-like structure.
Main features and properties
Rock wool has a number of characteristics that make it a highly versatile material. Some of its most important qualities are:
- Thermal isolation: Its fibrous structure generates small air pockets that reduce heat transmission, with a thermal conductivity that varies between 0.03 and 0.04 W/mK.
- Acoustic properties: Its ability to absorb sound waves makes it an excellent alternative for reduce noise pollution.
- Fire resistance: It is not flammable and can withstand temperatures above 1000°C, without generating toxic fumes in case of fire.
- Dimensional stability: Maintains its shape and physical properties even in environments with sudden changes in temperature and humidity.
- Vapor permeability: Allows the passage of water vapor, preventing the formation of mold and condensation on structures.
- Durability and sustainability: It is a long-lasting material and can be recycled, making it an option organic farming.
Density and thicknesses
La Density The thickness of rock wool is a key factor in its performance, as it influences its mechanical strength, acoustic and thermal insulation. Different densities can be found, from 40 kg/m³ to more than 150 kg/m³The higher the density, the better your insulation capacity and resistance. To better understand these differences, you can consult the Comparison of insulators between rock wool and glass wool.
As for thicknessesRock wool can be purchased in different thicknesses depending on its specific application. Some of the most common ones range from 30mm and 200mm. Greater thicknesses are used in applications where a thermal isolation and more efficient acoustics.
Main applications of rock wool
Thanks to its properties, rock wool is used in various industries and sectors, including:
- Thermal and acoustic insulation in buildings: Used in ceilings, exterior and interior walls, floors and ventilated facades.
- Passive fire protection: Used in fire barriers, metal structures and fire doors.
- industrial applications: Insulation of pipes, industrial ovens and ventilation systems.
- Automotive and transportation sector: Present in the manufacture of vehicles for Reduce noise and improve thermal efficiency.
- Horticulture: It is used in hydroponic crops as a substrate for plant growth. Learn more about this practice in the hydroponic cultivation at home.
Differences between rock wool and glass wool
It is common to compare the rock wool with the glass wool, as both materials are used for thermal and acoustic insulation. Some key differences are:
- Raw materialGlass wool is made from silica sand and recycled glass, while rock wool is produced from volcanic rock.
- Thermal resistanceRock wool has better performance against extreme temperatures and fire.
- Acoustic isolationRock wool offers greater sound absorption due to its denser structure.
- Handling and applicationWhile glass wool is lighter and more flexible, rock wool is more robust and resistant.
This material has established itself as an ideal option for optimizing energy efficiency in buildings and improving fire safety. Its use in multiple sectors demonstrates its versatility and functionality, allowing to improve the thermal and acoustic comfort of any space without compromising sustainability.
