Extruded polystyrene (XPS) is one of the most widely used materials in construction to improve thermal insulation. Thanks to its unique physical and mechanical properties, it has become an efficient solution for floors, roofs, and facades, both in new buildings and renovations. moisture resistance, its great insulating capacity and durability make it an optimal option for those looking to increase the Energy Efficiency in their projects.
In this article, we will take an in-depth look at all the applications of extruded polystyrene in construction, explaining why it is such a valued option and how it can be successfully implemented in different structures. From flat and pitched roofs From floors subjected to heavy loads to facades exposed to adverse weather conditions, you'll learn every detail about this material.
What is extruded polystyrene?
El extruded polystyrene (XPS) It is a foamed plastic material with a closed cell structure, which gives it a number of advantages in terms of thermal insulation and mechanical strength. Unlike expanded polystyrene (EPS), XPS has a higher density y lower water absorption, factors that make it an ideal choice for applications where durability and insulation are key.
Its manufacturing process involves the extrusion of the polymer, which gives it a homogeneous structure y robust, capable of withstanding large loads without deforming. Furthermore, its low coefficient of thermal conductivity makes it especially useful in sustainable building, reducing the energy losses and improving the interior comfort.
Advantages of extruded polystyrene in construction
Among the main benefits of XPS are:
- High thermal resistance: Its low thermal conductivity makes it an excellent insulator.
- Low water absorption: Its closed-cell structure prevents the material from degrading with moisture.
- Great mechanical resistance: It supports high loads without losing its physical properties.
- Durability: It does not deform over time and maintains its effectiveness for decades.
- Ease of installation: It is lightweight, easy to cut and handle, which speeds up the construction process.
Applications of extruded polystyrene in construction
1. Roof insulation
XPS is widely used in the construction of flat and pitched roofs, providing thermal protection and preventing condensation problems. On flat roofs, it is used as waterproofing in inverted roof systems, protecting them from temperature changes and mechanical impact.
For sloping roofs, its use allows transforming attics and under-roofs into habitable spaces, providing insulation without compromising the roof structure. Customised solutions can be found such as panels with grooved surfaces which facilitate the adhesion of the mortar used to fix the tiles.
2. Thermal insulation of facades
Facades also benefit greatly from the incorporation of extruded polystyrene in different construction systems:
- Ventilated facades: It is placed as insulation between the structure and the exterior cladding, improving energy efficiency and allowing heat dissipation.
- External Thermal Insulation System (ETICS): In this system, XPS panels are fixed to the façade and protected with a continuous coating, reducing thermal bridges.
- Buried walls: Its high mechanical strength and low water absorption make it an ideal solution for protecting walls from ground moisture.
3. Soil insulation
XPS is an excellent material for floor insulation, as it prevents heat loss and improves the Thermal comfort in homes and commercial buildings. It is used in:
- Slabs and slabs in contact with the ground: They protect against moisture and reduce energy losses.
- Underfloor heating: Its compressive strength allows it to be installed under underfloor heating systems.
- Industrial flooring: In spaces subject to heavy traffic, such as warehouses and garages, the robust structure of the XPS guarantees stability y durable insulation.
4. Cold storage rooms
El insulation of cold rooms This is another of the notable applications of extruded polystyrene. Its low thermal conductivity allows for constant temperature conditions in storage and freezing chambers. Furthermore, the material's closed structure prevents moisture penetration, ensuring that the insulation does not lose its effectiveness over time.
Considerations for installing the XPS
Although XPS is a highly efficient material, proper installation is key to maximizing its benefits. Some factors to consider include:
- Laying surface: It must be clean, dry and level to avoid adhesion problems.
- Proper fixation: Depending on the application, cementitious adhesive, mechanical fixings, or a combination of both can be used.
- Protection against UV radiation: In exterior applications, it is essential to cover the XPS with a suitable coating to prevent its degradation due to sun exposure.
Thanks to its insulating properties, compressive strength, and durability, extruded polystyrene is established as one of the best options for improving energy efficiency in buildings. versatility It allows its use in roofs, facades, floors and cold rooms, providing thermal comfort and reducing consumption. energetic Long-term. If installed correctly and taking advantage of its benefits, XPS can be a key ally in any construction or renovation project.
