The possible installation of large photovoltaic plants in the surroundings of the National Park of the Sierra de las Nieves has raised alarm bells among researchers and experts. A study prepared by the University of Malaga (UMA) warns about the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of these projects, which could seriously disrupt the local ecosystem and economy.
The report, commissioned by the Association of Municipalities of the Sierra de las Nieves, evaluates the effects of seven photovoltaic projects planned in the area of La Jara, in the municipality of Coín. In their conclusions, the researchers advise against the massive installation of these solar parks due to their irreversible negative consequences on the territory.
Environmental impact in the Sierra de las Nieves
One of the problems detected in the study is the heat island effect, which could increase local temperatures by more than two degrees. This phenomenon would alter the thermal balance of the ecosystem, affecting the biodiversity from an area already facing extreme weather conditions.
In addition, the alteration of the water resources is another of the main concerns. Although the water consumption of these plants is relatively low, constant use for cleaning solar panels could exert enormous pressure on already scarce resources in the region.
The report also notes that the installation of these plants would modify natural runoff, preventing water from filtering into the soil and affecting underground aquifers. This, added to the erosion of the land that would be caused by the construction of the parks, could have serious consequences for the stability of the ecosystem.
Socioeconomic consequences
Researchers warn that the impact of these facilities would not only be limited to the environment. It would also have negative effects on the local economy, displacing traditional activities such as agriculture and livestock farming, which are essential for sustainability of the region.
The report highlights that the installation of macro solar plants would barely generate stable employment. It is estimated that these projects would require One person per 100 hectares of panels, which is equivalent to the creation of between 7 and 11 jobs in the La Jara area. A figure not significant if compared to the employment currently generated by agricultural activities.
Another concern is the transformation of the productive modelAccording to the researchers, allowing these projects would mean replacing the production of foods due to the production of energy destined, for the most part, to other regions, which would compromise the economic self-sufficiency of the region.
Proposals and alternatives
The study not only points out the problems associated with the installation of photovoltaic plants, but also proposes more sustainable alternativesExperts suggest that solar energy should be used in decentralized models, where production is more closely linked to local consumption rather than large facilities that irreversibly transform the landscape.
One of the solutions proposed is the creation of energy communities, where agricultural and tourist farms can generate their own electricity on a small scale. This approach would minimise the environmental impact and would promote a model in which the economic benefit would remain in the community itself.
The report concludes that, although solar energy is a renewable and clean source, its implementation in certain environments must be carefully planned to avoid environmental and economic damage. The installation of macro-plants could lead to the destruction of a protected environment and to a loss of resources that could hardly be recovered in the future.